The invention relates to the technical field of wet metallurgy, in particular to an alkaline leaching electrolysis smelting method for a raw material containing tin, lead and zinc. The alkaline leaching electrolysis smelting method for the raw material containing tin, lead and zinc comprises the following steps: after fuming and enriching a material with low contents of tin, lead and zinc via a fuming furnace, carrying out reduction leaching on the material with low contents of tin, lead and zinc with a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium stannite; directly carrying out reduction leaching on a material with high contents of tin, lead and zinc with the mixed solution of the sodium hydroxide and the sodium stannite; and electrolyzing lead-tin alloy from alkaline leachate at first by using low electrolyzer voltage and low current density at first, and then electrolyzing metal zinc powder from electrolyzed residual liquid by using high electrolyzer voltage and high current density. By the alkaline leaching electrolysis smelting method for the raw material containing tin, lead and zinc, the tin, the lead and the zinc are effectively separated from impurities such as iron, bismuth, copper, cadmium and cobalt; and then the tin, the lead and the zinc are effectively separated under different electrolyzing conditions, a technological process is shortened, the production cost is reduced, and treatment of three wastes is relieved.