The invention belongs to the field of geometric measurement, and relates to a laser high-speed measuring machine and a measuring method. The laser high-speed measuring machine comprises a smooth motion device, a marble platform and a horizontal turntable device, wherein the horizontal turntable device is fixed on the marble platform and is used for placing workpieces; and the smooth motion deviceis fixed to one end of the marble platform and is used for detecting the workpieces placed on the horizontal turntable device. According to the measuring mechanism, a plane connecting rod mechanism isadopted, so that the highest scanning speed can reach 10m/s; in reference establishment, a coarse measurement laser sensor is adopted to realize unattended automatic high-speed reference establishment; positioning movement and approaching movement are canceled, only smooth continuous fast scanning movement is adopted; measured values are synchronous latched and extracted by control pulse; and themeasuring efficiency can reach more than 10 times of an existing three-coordinate measuring machine.