The invention discloses a traffic guidance system for a special vehicle to travel fast on a congested road. The traffic guidance system comprises an OBU (On Board Unit) which is installed on an automobile and is used for acquiring basic safety parameters of the automobile in real time; a vehicle information broadcasting platform which is connected with the OBU and used for human-computer interfacedisplay of accepted information of the OBU; an urban cloud console used for receiving information of all RSUs (Road Side Unit) of a city and receiving a special vehicle passing application; and a vehicle credibility evaluation system so as to ensure the reliability of the system. Macroscopic regulation of lane real-time distribution is carried out by utilizing the cloud control and Internet of Vehicles technology. The invention further provides a control method for a special vehicle traffic guidance system based on the Internet of Vehicles technology; when an emergency vehicle needs to pass preferentially, an optimal traffic plan can be quickly obtained to ensure the passing efficiency of a special automobile.