The invention discloses a satellite cabin deck electromagnetic leakage detection device and method for multi-position and wide frequency band. Near-field electric field probes are arranged in each opening position of the satellite cabin deck, used for collecting an electromagnetic leakage electric field of each opening position and sending it to a spectrum analyzer; the spectrum analyzer tests a maximum power value of the electromagnetic leakage in each radio frequency band and a total power value in each radio frequency band for each radio frequency band of the satellite, and sends it to a control computer; and the control computer carries out data analysis according to the maximum power value of each radio frequency band and the total power value of each radio frequency band, and plans the next detection sequence of electromagnetic leakage points according to the data analysis results. The invention comprehensively considers that the detection sequence of multiple electromagnetic interference leakage points is planned when multiple frequencies of electromagnetic interferences are existed in a wider working frequency band, therefore, the test efficiency and the test pertinence areimproved; meanwhile, the invention replaces fixed values with fuzzy numbers for the test amplitude, therefore, the accuracy of the test method is improved.