The invention discloses a steel-carbide/iron-steel multilayer composite wear-resistant material, and further discloses a preparation method of the steel-carbide/iron-steel multilayer composite wear-resistant material. The steel-carbide/iron-steel multilayer composite wear-resistant material comprises a carbide/iron layer with the thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm, and steel layers distributed on the two sides of the carbide/iron layer, wherein the steel layers are 4 mm to 10 mm in thickness; and the carbide/iron layer is composed of one or two in graphite powder, iron powder, ferrotungsten powder, ferrotitanium powder, tungsten powder and titanium powder. According to the steel-carbide/iron-steel multilayer composite wear-resistant material, the binding state of interfaces in the steel-carbide/iron-steel multilayer composite wear-resistant material is good, the material has good wear resistance and high toughness, and can be widely applied to metallurgy, mine and electrical mechanical equipment.