The invention relates to a brick wall type multi-layer tortoise shell protection device and a preparation method thereof. The device comprises a brick wall type tortoise shell structure and an armor back plate, wherein the brick wall type tortoise shell structure and the armor back plate are connected in an up-down lamination mode; the brick wall type tortoise shell structure comprises ceramic pieces, a composite core plate layer and a metal panel layer, wherein the composite core plate layer is compounded with metal honeycomb core plates, the metal panel layer is arranged on the outer layer of the composite core plate layer, and the ceramic pieces matched with honeycomb holes of the metal honeycomb core plates in size fill the honeycomb holes of the metal honeycomb core plates, and the metal panel layer is in diffusion connection with the hole walls of the metal honeycomb core plates; and the armor back plate comprises metal honeycomb core plate layer and a metal panel layer on the outer layer of the metal honeycomb core plate layer, the metal panel layer and the metal honeycomb core plate are subjected to diffusion connection and super-plastic forming treatment, and then the armor back plate is formed into a hollow shell. A ceramic tile filling mode is adopted in the metal honeycomb core plates, the brick wall type tortoise shell structure made of composite materials is formed and is connected with the armor back plate laminated layer of the hollow shell structure, and the brick wall type multi-layer tortoise shell protection device is formed, so that the brick wall typemulti-layer tortoise shell protection device has the characteristics of strength, toughness and hardness, and meanwhile can achieve the functions of explosion prevention or energy absorption and the like.