The invention discloses a station lossless three-phase current divider for ice prevention and ice melting and a design and control method. By adoption of self-heating lead with a coaxial cable structure, three phases A, B and C of the three-phase current divider are respectively mounted between a sending-end power supply and a reception-end load. The three-phase current divider consists of a microprocessor and three unidirectional current dividers with a same structure; and according to different connection manners, the structure can be a double-star type structure, a star type triangular structure or a triangular star type structure. Each unidirectional current divider comprises a current division controller and a transformer main body; the transformer main body is a transformer which comprises two original windings and a secondary winding; and the structure of the transformer main body is divided into a boosting self-coupling type structure, a voltage-reduction self-coupling type structure, a double-winding structure and a three-winding structure. When turn ratios of the transformers are determined, current of an inner conductor is firstly determined. A microcontroller control process comprises a main process, a single-phase current divider control sub-program, a heat preservation control sub-program and an ice melting control sub-program. The station lossless three-phase current divider for ice prevention and ice melting is capable of accurately controlling the current of the inner conductor and accurately controlling the current requirements for the inner conductor during the ice prevention and ice melting.