The invention discloses a transformer substation video and environment monitoring system. The transformer substation video and environment monitoring system comprises an environment monitoring subsystem, an operation and maintenance monitoring subsystem, a security and protection management subsystem, a backstage management sever and a database server, wherein the environment monitoring subsystem,the operation and maintenance monitoring subsystem and the security and protection management subsystem are connected with the backstage management sever respectively; the backstage management severis connected with the database server; the environment monitoring subsystem is used for monitoring the working condition of power grid equipment and the operating environment of the power grid equipment and monitoring staff coming in and going out of a machine room; the operation and maintenance monitoring subsystem is used for collecting and analyzing images of polling objects of the power grid equipment to realize intelligent polling; the security and protection management subsystem is used for remotely supervising the circumference of a transformer substation and each entrance and exit, a worker can remotely examine and manage monitoring data through the backstage management sever, and provides technical support for relevant departments such as power grid dispatching, safety supervision, production equipment and operation maintenance, so that visual assisted decision basis is provided for the operation such as safety production, daily work, emergency processing and accident analysis.