The invention discloses a visible light signal-based method and device for positioning objects in storage rooms. According to the method and device, visible light signals are sent through high-speed flashing light emitting devices; the visible light signals undergo diffuse reflection on a target object; and a position of the target object is analyzed by utilizing a diffuse reflection effect shot by a monitoring camera. According to the method and device, the light does not need to be shot by directly using the monitoring camera, only the target object needs to be shot, and positioning can be completed through obtaining the light, undergoing diffuse reflection, of the target object. According to the visible light signal-based method for positioning objects in storage rooms, a long exposureperiod and a short exposure period are set to shoot a to-be-positioned object, and two images are divided to obtain a correct brightness gain, so that a correct positioning position can be obtained; and through establishing models of the brightness gain and the position, the distance from the to-be-positioned position to each light emitting device can be correctly obtained, and then the correct positioning position is obtained.