The invention relates to a suction filter bottle capable of rapidly discharging filtrate, the suction filter bottle comprises an upper branch pipe and a lower branch pipe, the suction filter bottle further comprises a branch pipe, the branch pipe is installed on an upper part of the suction filter bottle, a piston sleeve is arranged on the branch pipe, and a piston is installed in the piston sleeve. The piston is provided with a small piston hole penetrating at the position of the branch pipe, and the upper end of the piston is a piston handle. The piston handle is rotated to connect the piston hole and the branch pipe or cut off the connection of the piston hole and the branch pipe so as to control an external gas to enter the suction bottle through the branch pipe. In the process of discharging the filtrate, the suction filter bottle does not need to unplug a rubber stopper or unplug a suction filter pump connecting leather hose, only needs to rotate a glass rotary plug, the suctionfilter bottle is convenient and quick, greatly shortens the time for pouring out the filtrate, and improves the test efficiency. During the test, the suction filter bottle is not necessary to move, the filtrate is prevented from splashing into arms and eyes. In addition, if the suction is reversed, the glass rotary plug is just opened immediately without unplugging out the rubber stopper or the suction filter pump connecting leather hose, the treatment time is shortened, and the occurrence of dangerous accidents can be prevented.