The invention discloses a supporting method for preventing and controlling the impact ground pressure through grouting anchor rods and energy-absorbing materials coupled. The supporting method comprises the steps that firstly, large-diameter drill holes are formed in an area with the impact danger in the mode of being perpendicular to a solid coal side and a roof; then the energy-absorbing materials are mounted in the formed large-diameter drill holes, that is, one piece of gradient sound-absorbing cotton is mounted on each grouting anchor rod every one section of distance till the multiple pieces of gradient sound-absorbing cotton are evenly mounted on whole grouting anchor rod at intervals; and finally, the parts, not provided with the energy-absorbing materials, of the large-diameter drill holes are grouted to be reinforced through grouting holes in the grouting anchor rods. Through the method that the grouting anchor rods and the energy-absorbing materials are coupled, the static load can be effectively subjected to pressure relief, impact waves of the dynamic load can be effectively absorbed, the stability of the two sides and the roof of a roadway can further be improved, andthe dual purposes of preventing and controlling the ground pressure and supporting are achieved.