The invention discloses a self-backheating rectification system for the recycle of methyl alcohol. The system comprises a rectification tower, a tower top condenser and a tower kettle reboiler, and ischaracterized in that a compressor is arranged between the refrigerant outlet of the tower top condenser and the heat source inlet of the tower kettle reboiler, a circulating working medium circulates in the compressor, the circulating working medium enters the heat source inlet of the tower kettle reboiler and exchanges heat with tower kettle fluid after being compressed and heated by the compressor, the cooled circulating working medium flows out of the heat source outlet of the tower kettle reboiler, enters the refrigerant inlet of the tower top condenser, exchanges heat with tower top steam and returns back into the compressor after being heated. Compared with traditional technology, by adopting the self-backheating rectification system disclosed by the invention, the electric energyis used for driving the compressor to compress and heat the circulating working medium as the heat source of a tower kettle, a large quantity of steam and circulating water are saved in use, and 25% of operating costs can be saved each year in the same working condition.