The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine generator control, and particularly relates to a wind wheel equivalent wind speed calculation method based on equivalent power, which comprises the following steps: determining a wind speed calculation formula at a certain azimuth angle of a blade by considering the influence of a wind shear effect on a wind speed in a wind wheel sweeping plane; a third-order Taylor series expansion simplified wind speed calculation formula is adopted, and a blade tip speed ratio corresponding to the average wind speed of the wind wheel space is obtained by using a infinitesimal area method; defining the relationship between the pneumatic torque generated by the wind speed and the wind wheel equivalent wind speed and blade pneumatic torque influence coefficients; solving partial differential linearization of the wind wheel mechanical torque at the blade tip speed ratio corresponding to the average wind speed of the wind wheel space, and comprehensively obtaining a wind wheel torque formula; and the wind wheel instantaneous equivalent wind speed and the wind wheel average equivalent wind speed based on the equivalent power are obtained through the wind wheel instantaneous mechanical power, the wind wheel average mechanical power and the wind wheel mechanical power based on the equivalent wind speed. The method provided by the inventionoptimizes the theoretical basis for the fields of wind turbine generator design, control, output power characteristic analysis and the like.