The invention discloses a power grid monitoring and early warning method based on power equipment portraits. The method comprises the following steps of obtaining the equipment group portrait information; collecting the power grid risk potential factors, constructing a power grid risk potential factor model; establishing a rule engine between the power grid risk potential factor and the equipmentgroup portrait; constructing a power grid risk early warning model by the rule engine, and timely sending the power grid risk early warning notice. According to the present invention, the problems oflarge quantity of power grid monitoring power equipment, inconsistent multi-channel monitoring time and inconsistent monitoring terminal sampling in the prior art are solved, and the accuracy of the early warning information is guaranteed.