The invention discloses a vertical pose adjusting system capable of being applied to large-size part assembling. The vertical pose adjusting system comprises a supporting platform, a counterweight system, a lifting driving mechanism, a pose adjusting system, first guide rails and first slide blocks; the counterweight system comprises counter weights, guide sheaves, pulling ropes and lifting rings;the lifting driving mechanism comprises a first ball screw, a worm-gear lifter, a fixed supporting seat, a first servo motor reducer and a hand-operated connector; the pose adjusting system comprisesa lifting bracket, a five-freedom-degree pose adjusting mechanism and a telescopic mechanism; the five-freedom-degree pose adjusting mechanism comprises an X-Y direction rotation mechanism, an X-Y direction moving mechanism, a Z-direction rotation mechanism, a fixed plate, a connection shaft and a hooke hinge; and the telescopic mechanism comprises telescopic arms, a fourth guide rail, a fourth slide block, a hooke hinge connection seat, a fixed frame and a telescopic driving device. The vertical pose adjusting system has the advantages of being compact in structure, wide in working range, flexible in pose adjustment, high in assembling efficiency, easy to operate and high in operation precision, and is suitable for large-size part automatic precision assembling.