The invention provides a DC power distribution voltage level configuration scheme optimization method and system. The method comprises the steps of determining an alternative voltage configuration scheme; performing fuzzy comprehensive evaluation according to the alternative voltage configuration scheme and a pre-constructed comprehensive index evaluation system to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result; selecting an optimal voltage configuration scheme from the alternative voltage configuration schemes according to the comprehensive evaluation result; wherein the comprehensive index evaluation system comprises evaluation indexes constructed based on voltage levels and influence factors. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the selection of the optimal voltage configuration scheme is realized based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method according to the comprehensive index evaluation system suitable for multiple voltage levels, the result is clearer, thesystematicness is stronger, the problems of fuzziness and difficulty in quantification can be solved, and the method is suitable for the preliminary evaluation of the current direct current distribution voltage level.