The invention provides a dynamic operation characteristic modeling method for a waste heat boiler. The method is characterized in that the components such as an evaporation heating surface, a steam pocket, a coal economizer, a superheater and a reheater of the waste heat boiler are divided into three modules such as a phase change heating surface, a non-phase change heating surface and a steam pocket, modeling is conducted on each module from the heat exchange angle, the heat storage angle and the flowing angle, a dynamic model of the waste heat boiler is established through a sequential module method, so that the dynamic operation characteristic of the waste heat boiler is obtained. According to the method, the waste heat boilers with different arrangements and different capacities can beconveniently and rapidly modeled, the dynamic operation characteristics of the waste heat boilers are obtained, the understanding of the characteristics of the waste heat boilers is facilitated, andthe operation adjustment of the waste heat boilers can be guided.