The invention belongs to the field of slope protection and earthquake resistance. The problems that an existing reinforced retaining wall panel is poor in deformation adaptability at a rigid joint, and a flexible panel-free reinforced soil slope is large in occupied area are solved. The invention provides a construction method of an assembly type rigid and flexible combined elastic anti-seismic reinforced soil retaining wall. According to the reinforced soil retaining wall, by using geogrids, assembly type wall panels and elastic damping devices, the deformation adaptability of the retaining wall is greatly enhanced, and the occupied area of a project is reduced; the scouring damage of a slope surface is reduced; under the action of earthquake load, connecting steel plates of elastic damping connecting devices are used as splicing formworks, wall panel building blocks are allowed to have certain dislocation but not be damaged, and therefore damage to joints of the wall panels and the geogrids is reduced; and the geogrids on an upper layer and a lower layer are separately arranged, so that the stress is more reasonable, the structure is more stable, and the deformation fatigue lifeis long.