The invention relates to the technical field of atmospheric sciences and environmental sciences and discloses a self-cleaning and anti-interference method for a laser raindrop spectrometer. The self-cleaning and anti-interference method comprises the following steps: 1) taking down glass substrates from an emitter end and a receiver end of the laser raindrop spectrometer; 2) adding water into hydrofluoric acid, thereby preparing a hydrofluoric acid solution in concentration of 40%; 3) placing the glass substrates acquired in the step 1) into the hydrofluoric acid solution, soaking and cleaning, and then taking out and standing by after cleaning. According to the self-cleaning and anti-interference method for the laser raindrop spectrometer, a rare earth element modified nanometer lyophobicchemical coating layer is respectively coated on the glass substrates; the coating layer has hydrophobicity and cleanability, so that the coating layer is capable of resisting against interference offog drops and decomposing pollutants, so as to achieve a self-cleaning purpose; the coating layer has the advantage of capability of obviously increasing measurement capability and measurement accuracy of the laser raindrop spectrometer.