In order to detect the movement or rotation speed of a moving body accurately and without contact, this speed detection device 1 is provided with: a rotating body 2 which is arranged spaced apart froma primary surface of the moving body, which is a moving or rotating conductor, and which has a permanent magnet 2a which is rotated about a prescribed rotation axis by the Lorentz force generated depending on the movement or rotation direction of the moving body; a detector 3 which detects the rotational speed of the rotating body; and a movement speed estimation unit 4 which, on the basis of thecorrelation between the movement or rotation speed of the moving body, calculated in advance, and the rotation speed of the rotating body, estimates the movement or rotation speed of the moving bodyfrom the rotational speed of the rotating body detected by the detector.