The invention discloses a multilayer shear wall reinforcement cage hoisting system which comprises a main hoisting mechanism, a support frame, a sub hoisting mechanism, a laser range finder and a controller. The laser range finder is arranged on the bottom part of a reinforcement cage, and a laser head corresponds to a cross beam, so that the sub hoisting mechanism is controlled according to the relative position information of the cross beam and the bottom part of the reinforcement cage measured through the laser range finder; and during the hoisting process, the system can adjust the relative vertical deformation of longitudinal bars on the bottom part in real time, and the deformation of the longitudinal bars is finely adjusted from the upper part, so that the bottom level of the reinforcement cage is consistent, and the deformation of the bars can be finely adjusted. According to the device provided by the invention, four connecting points of a first lifting pull rope and a secondlifting pull rope are placed on four corners of the reinforcement cage, so that during the hoisting process, the gesture of the integral reinforcement cage is accurately and automatically adjusted inreal time, and the instability in hoisting caused by the center-of-gravity shift of the integral reinforcement cage is prevented; and by combining with the sub hoisting mechanism, the connecting quality of the reinforcement cage is improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.