The invention discloses a split-type high-speed and heavy-load brake disc set with macroscopic and microscopic structures. The split-type high-speed and heavy-load brake disc set is formed by two brake discs which are coaxially and fixedly connected and have the same structure; one faces of the brake discs are provided with the surface microscopic structures, and the surface microscopic structurescomprise friction grooves formed in the outer sides and provided with trapezoid-like sawtooth-shaped protrusions and hook face protrusions arranged on the inner sides; and the other faces of the brake discs are provided with the inner macroscopic structures, and the inner macroscopic structures are provided with a plurality of circular grooves. According to the brake disc set which is formed by oppositely fixing the inner macroscopic structures of the two brake discs together, overall rigidity of the brake disc set is improved, the deformation in the brake process is reduced, meanwhile the contact area between brake disc bodies and air is increased, heat dissipation in the brake process is accelerated, the friction grooves in the surfaces of the brake discs can serve as debris containingspaces of wear debris generated in the brake process, meanwhile the surface inherent frequency of the brake discs is increased, and then vibration and screaming in the brake process are reduced.