The present invention relates to the technical field of bioengineering and particularly relates to a filamentous fungus aspergillus niger strain E1 capable of producing bio-oil, and an application thereof. By optimizing fermentation conditions and culture mediums of the oil-producing aspergillus niger strain E1, cultured biomass is up to 10.49 g/L and oil content is up to 4.59 g/L. The biomass and oil content are increased by 14.39% and 85.08% respectively compared with those before the optimization. The provided aspergillus niger strain E1 can produce various fatty acids of oleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, heneicosanoic acid, etc. The strain can be subsequently widely applied to production of fatty acids and biodiesel, and has a wide industrial application value.