The invention provides a light field camera parameter estimation method based on a multi-center projection model. The method comprises steps of calculating internal parameters and external parametersof the light field camera according to a scene, wherein the main links comprise establishment of a light field camera multi-center projection model under double-plane coordinates, linear constraint between three-dimensional points and light field recording light, linear solution of the internal parameters and the external parameters of the light field camera, and establishment of a distortion model and a cost function in nonlinear optimization. According to the invention, a multi-view light field incidence matrix is introduced to provide a light field camera parameter estimation method, so that similar reconstruction of scenes is realized; the complex task of estimating the parameters of the light field camera by using a special calibration object is avoided, so that the flexibility is great, and the process of estimating the parameters of the light field camera and reconstructing a scene by using multiple view fields is simplified on the premise of ensuring the accuracy and the stability.