The invention discloses a high-toughness carbon fiber composite core for overhead conductors. The high-toughness carbon fiber composite core is prepared from the following raw materials in percentageby weight: 4-12% of carbon fibers, 12-25% of aramid fibers, 15-26 % of polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the balance of modified epoxy resin; and the modified epoxy resin is prepared from the following ofraw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of epoxy resin, 20-30 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, 10-20 parts of modified silicon nitride, 50-65 parts of a curing agent and 15-30 partsof a diluent. The high-toughness carbon fiber composite core for the overhead conductors has good toughness and excellent high-temperature resistance.