The invention discloses a ship life waste closed loop supervision system and method. The closed loop supervision system comprises a shipborne internet of things dustbin, a wharf internet of things waste recycling bucket and a supervision platform. A first radio frequency tag reading module, a first weighing module, a first 4G public network communication module, a first processing module and a first power supply module are arranged in the shipborne internet of things dustbin. A waste bag is arranged in the shipborne internet of things dustbin in a sleeved mode, and a radio frequency tag adheres to the waste bag. The wharf internet of things waste recycling bucket is used for receiving ship life waste packaged by different waste bags provided with pasted radio frequency tags sent after different ships is in shore. A second radio frequency tag reading module, a second weighing module, a second 4G public network communication module, a second processing module and a second power supply module are arranged in the shipborne internet of things dustbin. Through the ship life waste closed loop supervision system and method, the shipboard production and shore receiving process of the ship life waste can be effectively supervised, supervision efficiency and supervision quality can be improved, and a strong law enforcement basis is provided for the supervision department.