The invention discloses a multi-parameter estimation method for directed sending sources. The method comprises the following steps that the receiving power value vector Q of a receiving sensor node and the positional coordinate of the receiving sensor node in a target area are input, and the spatial coordinate resolution and direction resolution of the target area are set; the target area is supposed to include K directed sending sources and M receiving sensors, and the radiation mode of the kth directed sensing source is obtained according to a Gaussian shape radiation mode used by a directedantenna; an expression of the power intensity received by the mth receiving sensor from the K directed sensing sources is obtained according to the positional coordinate of the mth receiving sensor;the obtained expression of the power intensity received by the mth receiving sensor is converted into an expression of the reception power value vector Q of the receiving sensor node; and a maximum likelihood estimation method is combined with an alternative projection method to solve the power value vector Q, and the sending power vector of the sending sources and the positional coordinate and spreading direction of each directed sensing source are obtained.