The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development downhole tools, and particularly relates to a casing collar locator relying on friction positioning and a positioning method of the casing collar locator. Through the organic arrangement of a connection joint, a control unit, a power unit, an electromagnetic component unit and an action unit which are sequentially connected from top to bottom and a ground monitoring device which is connected with the control unit in an electrical signal mode, positioning of a hermetic casing with seamless on a casing collar is realized, the wear rate of a positioning part is reduced, the accuracy of positioning is ensured, and the service life of tools is effectively prolonged.