The invention provides a method and device for detecting deformation of a lining, and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps of determining the actual wind speed of train wind generated when a train passes through an anemometer measured by the anemometer arranged on the lining of a tunnel; and determining the difference between an actual cross-sectional area and a preset cross-sectional area of the tunnel according to the actual wind speed, the theoretical wind speed and the preset cross-sectional area of the tunnel, wherein the theoretical wind speed is the wind speed of the train wind which is generated theoretically at the same speed as the actual speed. According to the method for detecting the deformation of the lining provided by the invention, the difference between the actual cross-sectional area and the preset cross-sectional area of the tunnel can be determined through the actual wind speed of the train wind generated by the train during traveling measuredby the anemometer, and according to the actual wind speed, the theoretical wind speed, and the preset cross-sectional area of the tunnel, that is, the deformation condition of the lining can be determined, and the deformation of the lining can be monitored without manual monitoring, which reduces the measurement cost and ensures the safety of the personnel during the measurement.