The present invention relates to an aviation conduit mapping system and method for battlefield repair. The system includes a high-performance single-lens reflex camera and a measuring plate. The measuring plate is provided with a lamp strip and a plurality of code points and non-coding points. The single-lens reflex camera is used to take 12 photographs of an aviation duct in different angles. Thephotographs taken by the single-lens reflex camera are sent to an aviation maintenance factory by using the Internet. A fourth step: The aviation maintenance factory restores geometric information ofthe conduit in the photographs based on a photogrammetry principle, and manufactures a corresponding catheter. The present invention implements accurate and rapid measurement of the aviation conduitin a battlefield repairing environment, overcomes inconvenience caused by an original shape of a traditional battlefield conduit repairing and replacing, and implements accurate, real-time, and rapidmeasurement of the conduit, and effectively improves rapid transfer of the shape of the catheter in the repair environment. Compared with other conduit measurement methods, the device greatly simplifies a structure of the measuring device, reduces cost of hardware, and is safe and reliable.