The invention discloses an online classroom teaching method. The online classroom teaching method comprises the following steps: obtaining an instruction for registration according to a classroom selected by a learning terminal, wherein the learning terminal hardware is equipped with a distributed ad hoc network transmission system; obtaining an instruction for registration according to a classroom selected by a teaching terminal; and constructing a virtual learning network unit according to the learning terminal and the teaching terminal registered in the same classroom, and feeding back related construction information to the corresponding learning terminal and the teaching terminal, wherein in the learning network unit, the teaching terminal has the permission of operating, managing andcontrolling the learning terminal. The invention further discloses an online classroom teaching device, a scheduling server and an online classroom teaching system, which can effectively control thelearning terminals of students, perform interaction with the students, enable the students to concentrate on the class, and realize the teaching synchronization of the students and teachers.