The invention discloses a rotary air distribution engine with a cogging valve. The structure of the rotary air distribution engine with the cogging valve characterized in that a rotary air distribution shaft of the engine is provided with the cogging valve, and cogging spring bracket sleeves, roller coggings, and roller tooth ridges support and seal the rotary air distribution shaft; and when theair distribution stroke isfinished, the stroke is closed, the gas exchange is performed in cycles. The air distribution shaft adopts design that a double-layer inner and outer wall intermediate hollowbody forms a cavity; and the intermediate hollow body cavity can be filled with a cooling medium and take away the heat circularly so as to meet the requirements of high temperature and high pressuresevere working environment.