The invention relates to a multi-support wheel type peristaltic pipeline cleaning robot. The robot comprises a main body, a left hydraulic device and a right hydraulic device, wherein the main body iscomposed of a soft lead screw and a sleeve matched with the soft lead screw, and the left hydraulic device and the right hydraulic device are arranged on the two sides of the main body; the two sidesof the main body are correspondingly connected with a first driving motor and a second driving motor which are used for driving the left hydraulic device and the right hydraulic device; and a stepping motor for controlling the soft lead screw to do positive and negative rotation and a stabilizing device which plays a role of stabilizing, supporting and righting are arranged on the main body, andthe cleaning device and a prospecting and shooting device are correspondingly arranged on the left hydraulic device and the right hydraulic device. According to the multi-support wheel type peristaltic pipeline cleaning robot, the maintenance detection mode of a traditional pipeline system is broken. Through controlling by engineering personnel, related operations of a pipeline such as detection,maintenance, cleaning and the like are completed, and a solution is provided for manual non-contact work. The robot has the advantages of being stable to operation, high in speed, strong in bearing capacity and good in obstacle-crossing and over-bending capability; and meanwhile the problem of pipe wall wearing is solved, the labor is saved, and the cost is reduced.