The invention discloses an autonomous separation control method for an inspector in a lunar back environment. The method includes: setting the separation expected target point queue and an occlusion area position range of an inspector; initiating touring device autonomous separation, then controlling the patrolling device to sequentially move towards the expected target point queue; determining whether the current motion point satisfies the judgment conditions of the in-place beacon and the measurement and control beacon or not, automatically analyzing the state of the measurement and controlchannel of the current patrolling device by utilizing the measurement and control channel after the separation working condition is ended, and automatically searching the measurement and control channel through the movement of the patrolling device under the condition that the measurement and control channel is unlocked. Compared with the prior art, the problems of complex terrain influence, measurement and control shielding and illumination shielding in the separation process of the patrolling device are solved, and the patrolling device has good use value.