The invention discloses a concrete test block rapid forming device and forming process. The device is used for integrally forming concrete slurry into a solid concrete test block, and comprises a workbench and a mold rotary table, wherein the workbench and the mold rotary table are annular, the same in size, and arranged in an upper-lower spaced and coaxial mode, the axes of the workbench and themold rotary table are jointly provided with a vertical rotation shaft, the mold rotary table is freely rotatably arranged relative to the rotating shaft, the workbench comprises a material receivingdevice, a tamping device, a leveling device and a marking device which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular bottom surface of the workbench, the mold rotary table comprises a plurality of test block boxes arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular top surface of the mold rotary table, and when the mold rotary table rotates, each test block box is enabled to pass through the positions right below the material receiving device, the tamping device, the leveling device and the marking device in sequence, and material receiving, tamping, leveling andmarking processes are sequentially conducted. According to the technical scheme, the manufacturing construction period of the concrete test block is short, the construction forming efficiency is high,and the process is widely applied to the field of concrete test block manufacturing.