The invention discloses an intelligent detection robot for transmission line insulators. The intelligent detection robot comprises an erecting frame, an axial displacement mechanism, an annular detection frame and a detection driving mechanism, wherein the axial displacement mechanism is arranged in the erecting frame, the annular detection frame is mounted on the axial displacement mechanism, andthe detection driving mechanism is mounted on the annular detection frame. The intelligent detection robot has the advantages of being compact in structure, reasonable in structural design and comprehensive in detection; during specific use, the erecting frame and an insulator are arranged in parallel; and during detection, the annular detection frame is driven by the axial displacement mechanismto move in the axial direction, a mounting plate is driven by the detection driving mechanism to rotate around the insulator, and the axial displacement mechanism and the detection driving mechanismoperate simultaneously, so that detection equipment on the mounting plate can comprehensively detect the outer surface of the insulator, can be used as common detection equipment, avoids defect of manual detection, and has the characteristics of safe detection operation, comprehensive detection, non-contact detection and high safety coefficient.