The invention relates to a Levy moth algorithm-based fractional order load frequency control method. A regional interconnection network load frequency control simulation model comprising a fractionalorder PID controller is built; the product of selected time of a time domain output response of a system and an error absolute value integral index is minimized as an objective function for a parameter optimization design problem; and optimal fractional order PID controller parameters are searched to control an area control error (ACE) by using a Levy moth algorithm. According to the Levy moth algorithm, a Levy flying strategy is introduced on the basis of an original month optimization algorithm, and the month track has higher randomness through combining a local small-range traveling path with a large-range transition path, thereby avoiding falling into local optimum and improving the global search ability of the algorithm. Compared with a traditional LFC scheme, the Levy moth algorithm-based fractional order load frequency control method has a good control effect and the dynamic performance and the anti-disturbance ability of an LFC system can be greatly improved.