The invention relates to a method for automatically detecting wiring errors and correcting data of an on-line power quality monitoring device. The method is mainly technically characterized by comprising the following steps: obtaining voltage and current data of a voltage input circuit and a current input circuit through the on-line power quality monitoring device, judging whether A-phase voltageis normal according to the voltage and current data, detecting voltage wiring errors and judging to obtain a voltage wrong wiring type, detecting current wiring errors and judging to obtain a currentwrong wiring type, correcting voltage data according to the voltage wrong wiring type, and correcting current data according to the current wrong wiring type, and transmitting detection or correctionresults to a power quality monitoring system. The on-line power quality monitoring device is mounted in an on-line power quality monitoring data processing platform; the functions of intelligently identifying the wiring errors and correcting the data of the on-line power quality monitoring device can be achieved by a remote terminal; abnormal data caused by wrong wiring is reduced; the manual troubleshooting cost of wrong wiring is reduced, and the troubleshooting efficiency of wrong wiring is improved.