The invention discloses an NB-IOT-based intelligent monitoring system of a plant factory in the technical field of environment monitoring. The system includes electric tracks vertically, horizontallyand adjacently arranged in the same plane. Forward and reverse rotation motors of the electric tracks are connected with city power through wireless network switches. A welding plate is fixed at any connection plate surface of the two sets of electric crawler tracks, which face one another vertically and horizontally through bolts. Through the electric tracks on factory cross beams vertically andhorizontally arranged beside planting frames, a wireless network switch control circuit is turned on for driving auxiliary photographing devices to move, wireless GPS positioning modules are combinedwith peripheral devices to form positioning systems, positions thereof in the factory can be known, then first horizontal electric push rods are used to cooperate with electric manipulators to changewireless network cameras in lateral movement to vertical movement, second electric push rods are elongated at the same time, and can penetrate plants on the planting frames of different heights, a central processor, an NB-IOT module group and a cloud server are cooperated with for remote video transmission, accuracy of the system is high, and operation is and convenient.