The invention discloses a dust-prevention and pollution-prevention wall grinding and cleaning device. The dust-prevention and pollution-prevention wall grinding and cleaning device comprises a grinding and trimming mechanism, an absorbing mechanism and a dust collecting mechanism. The grinding and trimming mechanism comprises a power transmission part, a grinding wheel disc, a supporting cover plate and a power transmission part, the power transmission part comprises a protection cylinder, the grinding wheel disc comprises a transmission shaft, a grinding wheel disc body, a damage-prevention cover and a driven gear, the supporting cover plate comprises a supporting cover plate body, the power transmission part comprises a driving transmission shaft connected with the supporting cover plate, the absorbing mechanism comprises an absorbing cylinder and a suction cup, a negative pressure fan is arranged in the absorbing cylinder, a rectangular groove opening is formed in the negative absorbing cylinder, an arc groove and a T sliding groove are formed in the two sides of the rectangular groove opening, and a dust collecting mechanism is arranged in the arc groove to collect dust. Through the grinding and trimming mechanism, the absorbing mechanism and the dust collecting mechanism, the wear of the power transmission part and the grinding wheel disc in the transmission process can bereduced, the pollution of the dust after grinding to the environment can be reduced, and the grinding needs of the walls on the different positions can be met.