The invention provides a simulated blood vessel puncture simulation training device, a simulated blood vessel is pre-buried in a human tissue module and liquid is injected into the simulated blood vessel through pressurization; during puncture training, simulated human body tissue is observed through ultrasonic waves, a needle tip is inserted from a skin layer of the simulated human body tissue, and the needle tip is guided to be inserted into the simulated blood vessel through an ultrasonic display panel; and when the needle tip is inserted into the simulated blood vessel and due to the factthat simulated blood is injected into the simulated blood vessel through pressurization by a liquid storage bag, the simulated blood flows back into a needle tube through the needle tip, and the training personnel can clearly know that the puncture is completed through the ultrasonic waves and observation of the backflow of the blood. According to the puncture simulation training device in the invention, animal tissue is adopted as a puncture simulation module, due to the same as the human body tissue, the degree of simulation is improved, the pinholes are not obvious even through repeated puncture, and the fidelity of puncture training is improved as the feeling of touching the blood vessel under the skin layer by hands and the falling feeling of needle injection are similar to a real person during puncture.