The invention belongs to the field of bridge structure damage positioning in an operation environment, and particularly relates to a bridge damage cross positioning method based on cluster structure similarity. The bridge damage cross positioning method comprises the steps: utilizing static strain monitoring data at the same positions of any two bridges in a cluster to construct damage indexes foreliminating environment temperature loads and vehicle loads; judging the similarity degree of all bridges in the cluster; constructing a damage feature vector sensitive to structural damage; establishing a damage positioning factor sequence based on a null space theory; judging damage conditions of any two bridge monitoring sections of the cluster; and completing damage cross positioning of all bridge monitoring sections in the cluster. According to the bridge damage cross positioning method, the problem that accurate positioning of bridge structure damage under the influence of an operationenvironment is difficult to realize due to the fact that actual bridge cluster structure response monitoring data is influenced by the coupling effect of various environmental factors is solved.