The invention discloses a transformer substation uplink transmission method based on a power LTE (Long Term Evolution) wireless private network, which enables a transmission process to achieve maximumenergy efficiency and reasonable resource allocation, and comprises the following steps of: 1, sampling data required to be monitored by a sensor in transformer substation equipment; 2, encoding thesampled data according to substation equipment, sensor types and sampling times; and 3, according to the total resource quantity of the wireless system, allocating an optimal modulation and coding mode and resource blocks to the sampled data, so that the sampled data is transmitted to the power private network more effectively. According to the method, the energy efficiency and the resource utilization rate in the uplink transmission process can be well improved, and the packet loss rate is reduced under the condition of excessive sampled data volume.