The invention discloses a method for constructing an optimal dispatching model of a clean energy system based on multi-energy complementation, which comprises the steps of 1), determining that the influence energy of the scheduling model is thermal power, wind power and photovoltaic power according to load changes of hydropower unit, a thermal power unit, a wind power unit and a photovoltaic powerunit in a period of time; 2) obtaining influence factors of the dispatching model as the total power generation cost of the thermal power unit and the penalty cost for abandoning wind and solar energy by taking full consumption of clean energy and maximum reduction of the power generation cost of the thermal power unit as principles based on the influence energy; and 3) establishing a dispatchingmodel based on the influence factors obtained in the step 2), wherein the objective function of the dispatching model is the sum of the total power generation cost of the thermal power unit and the penalty cost of discarding the wind and solar energy. On the premise of ensuring the safe operation of the system, the consumption of wind power and photovoltaic power generation is promoted, the economy of the system operation is improved at the same time, and the economic dispatching of the system when the clean energy ratio is very high can be realized in particular.