The invention discloses a structure for collecting road vibration energy by using a piezoelectric transducer. The structure includes the piezoelectric transducer; the piezoelectric transducer includesa vibration piezoelectric mechanism; the vibration piezoelectric mechanism includes a piezoelectric transducer housing buried in a concrete road surface; the piezoelectric transducer housing includesa lower housing and an upper housing; a piezoelectric ceramic component is disposed in the piezoelectric transducer housing; a rubber pad is disposed between a top wall of the upper housing and the piezoelectric ceramic component thereunder; the piezoelectric ceramic component includes vertical a ceramic unit; the ceramic units are spaced apart by insulated nylon; a copper sheet segments the whole ceramic component horizontally; each ceramic unit is in parallel connection via the copper sheet; and the copper sheet is connected to an external piezoelectric transduction collector via a conductive wire passing through a lead wire channel. The invention further provides a construction method and a test method of the piezoelectric structure. The piezoelectric structure can convert vehicle vibration mechanical energy in a road into an electrical energy and collect the electrical energy for use.