The invention relates to a test method of an L3-level autopilot system of vehicle-in-loop based on a virtual driving scene. The method comprises the following steps of observing a kinematic state of avehicle, wherein the kinematic state comprises a position and a course angle, and is used for updating a vehicle pose in the virtual scene; establishing a sensory system model, wherein the sensory system model comprises four perception equipment models of vision, a millimeter wave radar, a laser radar and an ultrasonic radar; injecting virtual test scene libraries, and predefining three types oftest scene libraries including system driving scene working conditions, emergency working conditions and human-computer interaction working conditions according to an application scene of the L3-levelautopilot system; rendering in the virtual scene according to a pilot position parameter to generate a scene visualization visual angle; and recording and evaluating test data, including algorithm performance quantitative evaluation indexes and system evaluation indexes, and finally outputting comprehensive summary evaluation indexes of the L3-level autopilot system. Through the test method disclosed by the invention, the typical application scene of the L3-level autopilot system can be tested and evaluated in a limited experimental site.