The invention discloses an online process detection method for rice processing. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing an artificial neural network system based on machine vision;wherein the artificial neural network system comprises an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer, the first layer is the input layer, and each input vector occupies one neuron; the last layeris an output layer; S2, taking image information acquired based on machine vision as an input vector of an artificial neural network system; S3, after output of the last layer of the artificial neural network system, fuzzifying each object by using a membership function, and finally judging by using a hard polarity function to complete ambiguity resolution; S4, training the artificial neural network system by using the physical sample; and S5, completing the training of the neural network, and enabling the neural network to be used online. The method has the advantages of simple principle, easy implementation, high detection precision and the like.