The invention discloses a monitoring control device and system for simulating a commutation failure test. The device comprises a backplane, a communication board, a main control board, a GPS synchronization board and at least one trigger monitoring board, wherein the communication board, the main control board, the GPS synchronization board and the trigger monitoring board are all arranged on thebackplane; the GPS synchronization board is used for receiving a GPS signal, producing a clock signal according to the GPS signal, and transmitting the clock signal to the communication board, the main control board, the GPS synchronization board and the trigger monitoring board; the main control board is used for acquiring operation parameter data of a tested circuit through the communication board, analyzing according to the operation parameter data to generate a trigger signal and sending the trigger signal to the trigger monitoring board; the trigger monitoring board is used for sending apulse trigger signal to the tested circuit according to the trigger signal, receiving a monitoring signal fed back by the tested circuit and sending the monitoring signal to the main control board. The device provided by the invention is not controlled by a microcomputer, the problem of easy halt in the operation process is solved, and the device is low in price and easy to maintain.