The utility model provides a railway anti-derailment guardrail for running a hot metal ladle car, belonging to the technical field of railway transporting equipment, and aiming at preventing the hot metal ladle car from derailing at a small-radius curve track. The railway anti-derailment guardrail has the technical scheme that the railway anti-derailment guardrail consists of an anti-derailment guardrail, a plurality of guardrail base plates and a plurality of rail braces, wherein the guardrail base plates are continuously fixed on a plurality of railroad ties along with the small-radius curve track, a plurality of base rails arranged at the inner side of the small-radius curve track are fixed on the guardrail base plates, the anti-derailment guardrail is arranged on the guardrail base plates so as to be arranged two tracks of each base rail, the anti-derailment guardrail is in bolted connection with the rail braces, and the rail braces are welded on the guardrail base plates. The derailment accident of a small-radius curve section of the railway can be effectively avoided, the resetting difficulty after the hot metal ladle car is derailed can be reduced, the attrition between wheels and steel rails can be directly reduced, the wheels and steel rails maintenance cost can be reduced, the sequence of normal production and transportation of an enterprise can be guaranteed, the balanced transportation of blast furnace molten iron to a converter can be realized, and the requirement that the transportation gross quantity of the railway is increased by 40% can be met.