The utility model provides a plenoptic solid streak camera, which can solve the technical problem that large measurable dynamic range and large measurable time span are hardly realized at the same time in the prior art. The picosecond plenoptic solid streak camera with large dynamic range comprises an optical coupling system, an optical deflector, a pump light system and a read-out system, wherein the optical deflector comprises an optical waveguide; a pump light is incident to an optical waveguide along a vertical direction, a signal light passes through the optical waveguide along a horizontal direction and then is acquired and read by the read-out system. A functional layer of the optical waveguide uses an AlGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs sandwich structure; a middle core layer is a signal light passage; a pump light incidence end surface of a cladding is provided with a saw-toothed pump light mask for enabling the pump light to form an optical prism array in the core layer. The plenoptic solid streak camera achieves a breakthrough on the technology of the current image converter streak camera based on photoelectric conversion, thus providing important scientific basis and theoretical basis for the maturity and the popularization of plenoptic solid streak camera technology.